The Ottoman Empire Era
Istanbul, formerly known as Constantinople, is one of the most important cities in the world. The city connects Asia and Europe, and it is located on seven hills. It has been a field of interest throughout history due to its location, trade routes, and nature. In the past, Istanbul became the capital of the Roman Empire/ Byzantine and Ottoman Empire, so historical significance naturally arouses curiosity about Istanbul.
Istanbul in Ottoman Empire
Constantinople was the capital of the Roman Empire throughout centuries until 1453. The city maintained the capital of the Roman Empire throughout centuries despite Arabs’ and Western states’ attacks. Constantinople was necessary for the Ottoman Empire. Because the city connected two continents, had important trade routes, and if Constantinople were conquered, the Ottoman Empire would have secured itself. And sultans started to organize expeditions.
In the history of Istanbul, the first Ottoman Empire siege was done by Yildirim Bayezid. But crusaders occupied the Balkans simultaneously, and he had to lift the siege. Yildirim Bayezid besieged the city again in 1400. This time, he faced the Timur disasters in Anatolia. Bayezid didn’t want to surrender the city and the Anatolia fortress. After Bayezid, Murad II surrounded this city. But Mustafa Riot started, and Murad II had to retreat.
In 1453, the history of Istanbul would begin to change. The Ottoman Empire extended its bounds in this area, surrounded the city. Mehmet II wanted Constantinople. Ordnances were done while Mehmet II prepared for the war. Rumelian Fortress was built at the opposite side of Anatolian Fortress so that no aid would come to the city. And so, he besieged it by land and sea. He conquered Constantinople on 29 May 1453, and the city became the capital of the Ottoman Empire. After the conquest, Mehmet II received a title. The title was Fatih Sultan Mehmet, Mehmet the Conqueror.
After the conque...
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